Document Type : Preliminary preprint short reports of original research
Authors
1
Radiology department Alexandria university
2
Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine , Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
3
Department of Radiodiagnosis and Intervention , Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
4
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
5
Department of Radiodiagnosis and Intervention, Faculty of medicine, Alexandria University
Abstract
Several hormonal therapy strategies are available for premenopausal women with breast cancer. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is one of the most commonly prescribed adjuvant endocrine therapies for ER-positive breast cancer. It has proven effective in reducing both recurrence and mortality.
Tamoxifen acts as an ER-α antagonist in breast tissue but exerts an ER-β agonist effect in the endometrium, which can lead to a spectrum of uterine pathologies, including endometrial polyps, hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, and cyst formation.
Zoladex (goserelin), an LHRH agonist, may be used in combination with tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy. This approach helps lower estrogen levels and reduces tamoxifen-induced endometrial thickening.
Third-generation non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors, such as letrozole (Femara), are approved for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. These agents reduce estrogen synthesis by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme responsible for converting androgens into estrogens. Unlike tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors do not directly interact with estrogen receptors, and therefore are associated with fewer gynecological side effects.
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